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Leading coconut producing states in India

Leading coconut producing states in India

Coconut is an important species mostly grown in humid tropical conditions. It is one of the main cash crop protecting millions of small and marginal farmers. In India Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh are the leading states in coconut farming. However, Kerala has a maximum area under coconut farming and contributing alone 31 per cent to total coconut production but Tamil Nadu has the highest per hectare nuts productivity. Tamil Nadu produced 13775 nuts per hectare where Kerala’s productivity was only 9664 nuts per hectare last year (2016-17).

Figure 1
Source: Horticulture Division, Dept. of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Government of India.

The above figure 1 clearly indicates that Kerala has a maximum area under coconut farming with 770.79 thousand hectares followed by Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Majority of the area (84%) under coconut cultivation contribute by Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in India.

 

Figure 2
Source: Horticulture Division, Dept. of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Government of India.Figure 2 shows (same as figure 1) that Kerala is leading coconut-producing state followed by Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Kerala alone producing more than 30 per cent of the total coconut production in India. Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu collectively contribute to about 87 per cent to total coconut production.

Coconut productivity per hectare has opted altogether a different phenomenon from coconut farming area and coconut production. Figure 3 shows Tamil Nadu is more productive from Kerala and Karnataka. Tamil Nadu producing more than 14 thousands nuts per hectare whereas Kerala and Karnataka producing 9664 and 13181 coconuts nuts per hectare respectively.

Figure 3
Source: Horticulture Division, Dept. of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Government of India.

Even Gujrat and West Bengal have higher productivity nuts per hectare then Kerala. Gujrat and West Bengal subsequently producing 13775 and 12641 nuts per hector separately.

India’s huge domestic market has been the main consumer of coconut and coconut products. The domestic price of coconut oil has so far been higher than the international price. Therefore, India has not had any significant role in world trade. However, with the increase in the price of edible oils at the global level, the difference between the domestic and international price has been substantially reduced.

 

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Regional languages and changing trends of internet users

REGIONAL LANGUAGES AND CHANGING TRENDS OF INTERNET USERS

India is the home of 1.21 billion people (Census 2011), speaking 30 languages with 1600 dialects. It is the third largest country in-term of internet users in the world after USA and China. Internet users are growing with every passing second, extensive reach of Internet made it possible for India. As per KPMG in India’s analysis, April 2017, 78 per cent internet users accessing internet through their mobile phones. Despite these statistics, India still has the potential to perform exceptionally in the number of Internet users in the world. Standard language (English) to use internet holding the number of Internet users.

Language barrier 

Language is one of the prominent barriers that is restricting the number of internet users mainly from rural India. As per W3Techs estimation until September 2018, more than 53 per cent of the website’s homepages found in English and language ranked first. Whereas, the website available with Hindi homepage found a position at 39th place with 0.1 per cent.

Source: W3Techs.com

Language preference

As per KPMG in India’s analysis, April 2017, out of 521 million Hindi speakers 254 million users prefer the Hindi language over English to read, write and converse with each other. Other insight details of different languages illustrated in the figure given below.

Source: KPMG in India’s analysis, April 2017
*These 8 languages have been considered as Indian languages for the purpose of this report
** Indian languages users are Indian language literates who prefer their primary language over English to read, write and converse with each other

There were 110 million internet users in 2011 in India. Majority of internet users (62%) were using internet in the English language, there were only 38 per cent internet users using internet in different Indian languages. In the year 2016, the picture had changed, a number of internet users have grown to 409 million from 110 million in 2011. Internet users using internet in Indian languages subsequently grown to 57 per cent (234 million).

Source: KPMG in India’s analysis, April 2017

As per the report, Internet penetration in India expected to grow 52 per cent by 2021 and the number of internet users would be around 735 million. Out of total internet users in 2021, 73 per cent would be using it in Indian languages.

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Growing number of higher educational institute in India

Growing number of higher educational institute in India

Higher education has a significant role in the development of a country. Higher education and overall development have the reciprocal growth within them. Higher education is known as a focal point of knowledge and its application, an institution which makes a great contribution to the economic growth and development through fostering innovation and increasing higher skills.

Higher the number of higher educational institutes represent the sustainable economic growth in the country apart from knowledge, skills and increasing number of employable professionals.

India is a knowledge centre for higher education since the beginning. In the starting era, the Indian education system was revolving around ‘Gurukul system’, which was a residential educational system. Nalanda and Takshila were the two first places where modern style universities established around 6 BC.

In the starting of 1600 AD, European rulers brought major changes in the traditional higher education system. Several renowned universities have taken place in India during colonial age. The figure below shows growth in a number of universities during the 20th century after Independence.

Source: (1947-48 to 2000-01). University Grants Commission
*Universities from 1947-48 to 2000-01 includes Central, State, Private and Deemed-to-be Universities as also institutions of national importance established both by the Central and State Legislatures.

At the time of Independence, India has 20 universities and 496 colleges, which have grown subsequently to 266 universities and 11146 colleges at the end to the 20th century.  Up to the year 2017, there were more than 40 thousand colleges and 864 universities, which was highest in Indian educational history. In next year (2017-18), the number of colleges has reduced to 39 thousand due to deletion of unauthorized collages but the number of universities has increased again to 903 as per the AISHE report 2017-18.

Source: AISHE report 2017-18
*Number of colleges have reduced in the year 2017-18 due to deletion of all such colleges that have not registered even after getting the AISHE code.

 

Universities in India has further classification according to their accreditation status. As per the AISHE report, 2017-18, at present state public university (40%) has the maximum contribution followed by state private university (30%).  The share of Central Universities is limited to 5 per cent only.

Source: AISHE report 2017-18

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Cyber-crime cases registered in India from 2013 to 2015

Cyber-Crime cases registered in India from 2013 to 2015

Cyber-crime achieving new heights every year in India. India has the third highest number of internet users in the world after USA and China. Register number of cyber-crime cases have increased more than 100 % from the year 2013 to 2015. Collectively, 11592 cyber-crime cases registered in the year 2015. However, a sizable number of cyber-crimes are not be registered in the absence of knowledge.

Source: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology

The figure below shows the percentage of cyber-crime cases registered in India. Altogether, 11592 cyber-crime cases registered during the year 2015. Majority of cyber-crime cases registered in Uttar Pradesh (19%) and Maharashtra (19%). Maharashtra has the highest number of internet subscribers in the country, as per the government of India at end of March 2016.

Source: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology

Karnataka and Rajasthan registered 12 and 8 per cent of cyber-crime cases respectively. In West Bengal, Odisha and Kerala there were three per cent cases registered in each state. Puducherry, Lakshadweep, D&N Haveli, Nagaland, Sikkim, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh and Goa were the state where no or a negligible number of cyber-crime cases registered in India during the year 2015.

 

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Change in life expectancy rate in India from 1990 to 2016

Change in life expectancy rate in India from 1990 to 2016

Life expectancy is the simplest way to understand the overall health outcome in a country. Increasing longevity shows the control over the longevity affecting factors such as disease or epidemic, it is the indicator of improved health facilities too. In 1990, the average life expectancy at birth in India was 59 years (male; 58.3 years and female; 59.7 years) which subsequently increase to 68.6  years in 2016, where male life expectancy was 66.9 years and 70.3 years for female.

Source: India: Health of the Nation’s States

However, a significant increase of 9.6 years have observed in the life expectancy of the country from 1990 to 2016, but life expectancy varied widely between the states of India. In 2016, the range was from 66.8 years in Uttar Pradesh to 78.7 years in Kerala for females and 63.6 years in Assam to 73.8 years in Kerala for males.

Source: India: Health of the Nation’s States

Figure above shows including Kerala, Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim and Delhi there are 12 states in which average life expectancy at birth was above 70 years in 2016. Kerala being an outperformer state since the beginning, the rate of life expectancy at Kerala was above 70 years even in 1990, where male life expectancy rate was 67.6 year and 74.5 years in female.

The average life expectancy of Uttar Pradesh and Odisha was lowest in 1990, Uttar Pradesh (65.7 years) even today unable to perform well and it is trilling in below levels with Assam (65.2 years) in life expectancy table.

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Status of forest cover in Delhi district, India

Status of Forest Cover in Delhi-2017

Forest has paramount importance in the lives of living beings; its significance dabbles in cities. Therefore, it is essential to have a close look over the forest cover of the city. Delhi being a capital city needs to set examples for other cities in every aspect.

The total geographical area of Delhi city is 1483 sq.km and it has forest cover over of 192.41 sq.km as per India State of Forest Report-2017, which is almost 13 per cent.

Source: India State of Forest Report-2017

District wise distribution of forest cover reveals the clear picture of the city. South Delhi has 83.35-sq.km forest cover, which is maximum among all districts. North-West Delhi is the largest district of Delhi; it has only 17.55-sq.km forest cover.

 

Source: India State of Forest Report-2017

New Delhi district (46.89%) has the maximum per cent of forest cover followed by South Delhi (33.34%). North-West Delhi (3.99%) has the least per cent of forest cover among all districts. It is an urgent need to increase forest cover in entire districts except for South and New Delhi respectively.

Keeping the issue in the mind Delhi government has initiated a massive drive of tree plantation. In September 2018, the Delhi government has planted about five lakhs trees in the city. Nearly one lakh students and residents participated in the campaign at 600 locations across the city to fight air pollution.

 

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Employability status in the country

Employability Status in the Country

The skill gap is one of the prominent reason behind the high rate of unemployment in India. Skills and Employability have the strong positive correlation. In recent past years, India has shown remarkable interest for skills development program to increase the employability of individuals. 

Source: India Skills Report 2018
Disclaimer: Employability Score here does not include Participation from IITs IIMs NITs and other premier institutes of the country

Overall employability in the country has risen from 40.44% to 45.60% over last year. As per the India Skills Report 2018, 45.60% of students are employable or are ready to take-up jobs. The data given in the report shows that in the last five years employability rate has gone up from 34% to more than 45%, which shows more availability of employable resources to the economy.

Global agencies have identified unemployment as a challenge. As per the estimation of International Labour Organization (ILO), presently 75 million young people are unemployed worldwide. The present scenario not only represent a large number of untapped talent but also shows a social unrest and individual despair.

 

The image below shows the Top 10 highest employability states as per the India Skills Report 2018.

 

Image source: India Skills Report 2018

 

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Road accident happened during 2011 to 2015 in Delhi

Safety on roads is the priority of any commuter in the city, despite many road safety programmes, every day several accidents happen on the roads. The status of road accidents in Delhi happened between year 2011 to 2015 given in the figure below. It shows that on an average 22 accidents happened every day in the city, in the year 2015, in which 4 to 5 people died every day.

 

Source: www.data.gov.in

However, the trend line of the person killed in an accident shows a steady decline in numbers. In 2011, there were 2065 people killed in road accidents, which came down to 1682 in the year 2015. Altogether, 9044 people lost their lives in the road accidents from 2011 to 2015. A maximum number of accidents and people injured in the year 2014, on an average, every hour an accident happened in this year.

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Facebook: A giant of social networking sites

We are more connected and updated over the social networking with our family and friend. The virtual world is full of social networking sites and we are feeding these websites every day with our daily information. Facebook is one of the top social networking site in the world with 2234 million active users until the second quarter of 2018.

Sources: Sources: We Are Social; Kepios; SimilarWeb; TechCrunch; Apptopia; Fortune

Facebook launched in the year 2004, now it is a 14 years old social networking platform. In all these years, it has gained 2234 million users. In the recent decade (2010 to July 2018), Facebook has added 1626 million fresh users. A large number of users made it the top website among the all social networking sites.

 

Source: Facebook

 

Facebook has the responsibility to protect the personalized information of users and keeping the credibility of the platform. A large number of available information on this website attract hackers to breach the information.
At the end of September 2018, Facebook engineers discovered a breach in the website. Around 50 million Facebook user’s account compromised by the attack that gave accesses to hackers to take over user’s account.

 

Source: Facebook

Annual growth of Facebook users depicted in the above figure, it shows that on an average Facebook adding more than 200 million users every year.  In the years 2013-14, Facebook was the low performer in term of adding new users. However, in the last two years (2016-17) it performed quite well in adding new users.